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«e¨¥¡G ¡@¡@¦¹³ø§i¤À¬°¤T³¡¤À¡A²Ä¤@³¡¤À²z«Â·G¡E¥¬¹p§J (William Blake) ªº¥Í¥¡F²Ä¤G³¡¤À¬°¤ÀªR1795¦~¤Q¤G´T¤j«¬±m¦â¦L¨ê§@«~¤§§Î¦¡¡B¹Ï¹³»P¥i¯à¹ïÀ³ªº¤å³¹¤º®e¡B¤Q¤G´T¹Ïªº±Æ¦C¶¶§Ç¡B¥H¤Î¾ÇªÌ̹ï¨ä±Æ¦C¤§«á©Ò¸ÑÄÀªº¾ãÅé·N¸q¡F²Ä¤T³¡¤À«h¬O°Q½×¥¬¹p§J¸àÄÀ¸t¸gùظÓÁô·I¥S»P¨È§B¤§¦º³oÓÃD§÷ªº³Ð§@¤è¦¡¡A±N¥¬¹p§J©Ò§e²{ªº¹Ï¹³¹ï·Ó¹L¥h¨ä¥LÃÀ³N®a´¿¸g¸àÄÀ¹Lªº¦P¼ËijÃD¡A¦A¦¸´M§ä¥¬¹p§J³Ð§@ªº¤¤¤ß·N¹Ï¡A¦P®É¦^À³¨ì¤Q¤G´T±m¦â¦L¨ê§@«~ªí²{ªº¤º²[¡C¹ï©ó¥¬¹p§J¸Ö¤å¼g§@ªº³¡¥÷¡AÁö¤´²¤¦³´£¤Î¡A¦ý¸Ö¤å»P´¡µe¤§¶¡ªº¤¬°Ê¤£¥]¬A¦b¦¹¤å³¹¥Dn°Q½×¤º®e¡A¦Ó¬O¥H¥¬¹p§J¹ï©ó¸t¸g¡B¦Ìº¸¹y¡B²ï¤h¤ñ¨Èµ¥¬J¦³¤å¥»¤§¸àÄÀ¬°¥D¡C ²Ä¤@³¡¤À¡G²z¥¬¹p§J(William Blake 1757-1827)ªº¥Í¥ ¡@¡@ ¥Í©ó1757¦~Û´°¤p±d®a®x¤¤¡A¦b¥®¤p®É´NÅãÅS¤F¹ï©ó¸Ö¤Î½u±ø²Õ¦Xªº¤Ñ¥÷¡C¤Q·³®É³Q°e¨ìHenry Pars ªº¯À´y¾Ç®Õ¤¤¡A°V½m¦¨¬°¥j¸³ÀJ¨èªº½Æ»s¥Û»Iű³yªÌ¡C¥Lªº®a®xI´º»PFlaxman ¬Û¦ü¡A³£¬O¨ü´L·q¥B¦³´¼ÃѲ[¾iªº¥Í·N¤H¡C±q¥Lªº¸Ö¤¤¥iª¾¦~»´ªº¥¬¹p§J¹ï©ó®Ñµe¥jÄy¤§¾\Ū¯AÂy¬Æ²`¡A¥LªºÃÀ³N¤Ñ¥÷ÅãµM¬O¥Ñ¾\Ū¦Ó¨Ó¡A¨Ã¤£¬O¯u¥¿ÃÀ³N³Ð§@ªº¦L¶H¡C¤Q¤·³®É¡A¦¨¬°James Basire ªº¾Ç®{¡A¨ä¬°¤@¦ì¨è»kµe®a¨Ã´£¨Ñ¥Xª©°Ó¤j¶qªº´¡¹Ïª©µe¡A¦bBasrie¤§¤U¾Ç²ß¤C¦~¡A²ß±o¼Ð·Ç»ÉªO¨è»kªº§Þ³N¡A¤]¦¨¬°¤@½ú¤l¿Ñ¥Íªº§Þ¯à¡C¥¬¹p§Jªºµo®i¬O¾a¦Û¨ªº¼ö¸Û»P¦n©_¤ß¡A¥Ñ¥L°¾¦n¤åÃÀ´_¿³ªºµw½u±ø¡A¬Û¹ï©ó·í®É¤Ú¬¥§JÂ×´Iªº¦â½Õ¡A¥iª¾¥Lªº¿W¥ß§PÂ_¯à¤O¡C¥Lªº§@«~Joseph of Arimathea (fig. 1)
¡A½u±ø¨è»kµe¡A¬O®Ú¾ÚMichelangelo ªºCrucifixion of St. Peter (fig. 2) ¤@µe½m²ß¦Ó¨Ó¡A®i²{¤F¨ä·Q¹³ªº¨Ó·½¡CBasire °e¥¬¹p§J¥h Westminster Abbey ¾Ç²ß¤¤¥j¥@¬ö^°êªº¹Ó«Ç¬Ó®a¨v¹³¡A³o¥vBlake±µÄ²¨ìô¼w¦¡§Î¦¡¤Î±¡ºü±i¤O¡A©M¥L±µ¤U¨Óªºµo®i±K¤Á¬ÛÃö¡C¤¤¥@¬öªº§Î¦¡¡Aô¼w½u±øªº¬y°Ê¡A¥j¨å²M´·ªº½ü¹ø¡A¤§«á³£¿Ä¦X¦b¥Lªº¯À´y¤¤¡C ¡@¡@¥¬¹p§J©ó1779¦~µ²§ô¥Lªº¾Ç®{¥Í²P¡A¸Õ¹ÏÅý¦Û¤v±q½Æ»s¨è»k®a´£¤É¦Üì³Ð©Êªº¾ú¥vµe®a¡C¥L¥[¤J¤F¬Ó®a¬ü³N¾Ç®Õ(Royal Academy School)¡A¦ýµLªk±µ¨ü¾Ç°|ªº±Ð±ø¤Î±Ð¾Ç¤è¦¡¡A¤]¤£³Q¾Ç°|¥D®uSir Joshua Reynoldsn©Ò½àÃÑ¡A¥L¯S§O¤£³ßÅw¬¡Åé¤Hª«¬ã¨s¡A¯Âª«½è©Ê(physical presence) ªº¬ã¨s¹ï¥L¨Ó»¡¬Ý°_¨Ó¹³¦º¥h¤§ª«¤@¯ë¡AÁÙ¦n¦ü¥i¥H¡u»D¨ì¦º¤`ªº®ð®§¡v(smelled of mortality)¡CÅãµM¥L¤]¤£³ßÅwªoµe¡Aµuµu´XӤ뤧«á¥L´NÂ÷¶}¾Ç°|¤F¡A³o¤]Åý¥LÂ÷¶}¤F»P¦P®É´ÁµÛ¦Wµe®a(West, Barry, Fuseli, etc.) Ävª§ªºÀô¹Ò¡C1785¦~¥¬¹p§Jªº§@«~¹F¨ì°ª®p¡A¦b¾Ç°|®i¥X¤T´TÃö©óJoseph¬G¨Æªº¤ô±mµe¡A¤]§¹¦¨¤G´T¤j«¬¸t¸g¬G¨Æ§@«~ The Complaint of Job (1785, fig. 3) and The Death of Ezekiel¡¦s wife (1785)¡A¤GªÌ³£¬Û·í¤jÁx¥Bħt§@ªÌ¦Û¤vªº·§©À¡C³o§e²{¤F¥¬¹p§J¥ýª¾¦¡ªº·Q¹³¤Oªº¹Á¸Õ¡A¦b¤Hª«ªº±³¡ªí±¡¤ÎºÓ¤jÅé®æÃþ«¬¤W¤´¯àªí²{¥X¦Ût¤Î®a±Úªø¦Ñªº«ÂÄY¡C1793¦~¥¬¹p§Jµ²§ô¾ú¥v©Êøµeªº³¡¤À¡A¶}©l^°ê¾ú¥v¤§¨è»kªº¤p«¬®Ñ¡C¦b¨ä¤¤ªí¹F¤F¦Û§ÚªºÆ[ÂI¡AÆg´¤k©Êªº«i®ð»P¬ü¼w¡A¨Ã«ü¥X¶Ç²Î¹D¼wÆ[¤Î¬J¦³©v±Ð¹ï©ó©Ê§O¬Ýªkªº³¯»G¡C§@«~¥]¬AThe Penance of Jane Shore¡AThe Ordeal of Queen Emma¡AEdward and Elenor¡C¦P®É¡A¤F¸Ñ¨ì¥Lªº§@«~µLªkÀç¥Í¤§®É¡A¤]°µ½Æ»sª©µeªº¤u§@¡C1782¦~»PCatherine Boucherµ²±B¡A¦¹®É´Áªº¥Í¬¡°é¤]¸ûÂX¤j¡A©ó1784¦~¤÷¿Ë¹L¥@¤§«á´¿·Q±µÄò¦L¨êªº¥Í·N¦ý¤£¤[´N¥¢±Ñ¤F¡C±µµÛ¥t¤@«¤j¥´À»¬O1787¦~¡A¼°·R¥B´¿¬O®{§Ì¤Î§U¤âªº§Ì§ÌRobert ¤§¦º¤`¡C¦Ü¦¹¡A¥¬¹p§Jªº¥Í²P¦³¤@¨M©w©Êªº§ïÅÜ¡A¥L¤£¦A·Q½Æ»s§O¤Hªº³]p¡A¨M©w±Mª`©ó¤å¦r¤Î¼v¹³ªí¹F¦Û¨ªº²z·Q¡C¥Lµo©ú¤F¤@ºØ·sªº¹Ï¤å¦L¨ê¤è¦¡¡A¯à¨Ï¨C¤@Ó§@«~³£¬O¿W¯S¥B¤â¤uºë¤ßÀJµZªºÃÀ³N«~¡A¨Ã«ÅºÙ³o¬O¥L¦º¥hªº§Ì§Ì¦b¹Ú¤¤±Â»P¥Lªº¨è»k§Þ³N¡Arelief etching¡A¥Î§Ü»Ä©Êªºº£¦b»Éª©¤W¼g§@¤Îøµe³]p¡A¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó¤å¦r»P¼v¹³´N¥i¥H¥Ñ¦P¤@¨BÆJ¦L¥X¡A¨Ã¨Ï¥Î¥ô¦ó·Q¥ÎªºÃC¦â¡CµM«á¦¨«~¥i¥H¥[¤W¤ô±mµÛ¦â¡A»s³yÀéÄê¥Bºë²Óªºµe±¡A¦p¦P¤¤¥j¥@¬öªº¤â§Û¥»¤@¯ë¡A³o¤]¬O¥¬¹p§J¤ß¥Ø¤¤²z·Qªºµ²´¹¡C¥¬¹p§J¦]¦¹¦¨¬°¦Û¤v¸Ö¶°ªº¥Xª©®a¡Ð¡Ð±q´¡µe¡B¸Ë¹¢¡B¦L¨ê¡Bµ²¶°¦¨¥U³£¥]¿ì¡C¦ý¬O³o³Ò¤ß³Ò¤Oªº¦¨ªG«o·¥¤ÖÀò±o¤j²³ªº«C·ý¡C¨S¦³¤@³¡®Ñ¶W¹L¤G¤Q¤C¥÷ªº¦L»s¡A¬Y¨Ç¬Æ¦Ü¥u¦³¥|¥÷©Î¤¥÷ªº½Æ»s¦Ó¤w¡C
¡@¡@1789¦~¥¬¹p§J»s§@²Ä¤@¥»«nªº´¡µe®Ñ Songs of Innocence (fig. 4)¡C³o¥»®Ñªí¹F¤F¥L¹ï©ó«Äµ£ªº¥¼³QªÀ·|¦Ã¬V¤§´r®®¯Â¼ä§¹¾ãªºª¬ºA¡A¥H²¼äªº»y¨¥¤Î¤Ñ¯uªº·Q¹³¤O¶Ç¹F¥X³oºØ¦b·í®É¥ç¬y¦æªº·§©À¡C±µ¤U¨Óªº´X¦~¤º¥L¥Xª©¥t¤@Äò¶° Songs of Experience (1794) ¡A¤âªk¬Û¦P¦ý«o§e²{§íÆ{ªº®ðª^¡A³B²z¤F¥O¤H¥¢±æªºª«½è¥@¬É¤Î³Q¡u²z©Ê¡v©Ò¥£§Ðªº¤ßÆF¡C¤§«á¨âªÌ¶°µ²¦¨¤@Ó§@«~¡A¬°¨ä³Ì¨üÅwªïªº´¡µe®Ñ¡C©Òª¾¦³¤G¤Q¤C¥»½Æ»s¥»¡C1790-93¦~ªº§@«~The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (fig. 5)¤Î1793 ¦~ Visions of the Daughters of Albion¡A¨âªÌªº¤j¤p³£¤ñSongs of Innocence ¤j¤@¨Ç¡A³£¥HBlake¦Û³Ðªº¯«¯µ©Êªº¤Hª«ªí¹F¥Lªº©â¶H²z©À¡A¤×¨ä¬OVisions of the Daughters of Albion §ó³B²z¤F¬Fªv©ÊªºÀ£¢¤Î©Ê§OªºÄ³ÃD¡C¦b¨ä§@«~¤¤ªº¿E±¡¥i¬Ý¥X·í®Éªk°ê²©R¹ï¥Lªº¼vÅT¡A¦p¦P¨ä¥LҾɸѩñ¤ß§Óªº^°ê¤H¤@¼Ë¡A¥¬¹p§Jµøªk°ê²©R¬°¥þ¥@¬É¤§·s¥@¬ö°Á{ªº§Ç¹õ¡C·í®É¥Lµ²¥æ¤F¤@¨Ç¿E¶i¤À¤l¦pThomas Paine, William Godwin, Mary Wollstonecraft, and Joseph Prieestley¡A³o°é¤l¥H¹µ¥Î¥¬¹p§Jªº¥Xª©®aJoseph Johnson¬°¤¤¤ß¡C¦ý¬O¦b¤Ú¾¤1792¦~ªº¤E¤ë±O±þ¤§«á¡A¹ï©ó²z·Qªº¼ö±¡¦ü¥G¤]ÀH¤§¯}·À¡A«Ü¥i¯à¤]¾ÉP¤F¨ä«á¦b1790-1800¦~§xÂZ¥Lªº¼~Æ{¯g¡C¨º®É´Áªº§@«~¦³1793¦~, America, a Prophecy¡A1794¦~, Europe, a Prophecy (fig. 6)¡C ¡@¡@¦b¤Hª«ªº§Î¶H¤W¡A¥¬¹p§Jªº·Q¹³§Î¶H»PFuseliªºªí¹F·®æ¸û±µªñ¡A¦Ó»PFlaxman¸Ë¹¢©Êªº¥j¨å¨å«¬¸û¤£¦P¡C¥¨¤jªºÂßÅé¡B¸û¤pªºÀY§Î¡B°í¹êªºÀJ¨è§Þ¥©¡A³£¦³¤@ºØ±q¦Ì¶}®Ô°òù¦Ó¨Óªº¼ö±¡ªº«ß°Ê·P¡A¦Û¦Ì¶}®Ô°òùªºÁB¹¢¥D¸q¸òÀHªÌ¶Ç»¼¨ì¥¬¹p§Jªº¨è»kµe¡C±j¦Ó¦³¤O¡A½T¹êªº½ü¹ø¥H¤Îéw·P¥²¶·¨Ì¿à¤@©w¨î½d³ò¤ºªº±®e«¬ºA¤Î¦ç¹¢¡A³o¨Ï±o¥¬¹p§Jªº²Õ¦X«¬¦¡»PFlaxman¬Û¦P¡A¦ý¬O¥Lªº§@«~¨ã¦³¸û¦hªºÅܤơA©MFlaxmanªº©â¶H»a¥Õ¤ñ°_¨Ó§ó¯àªí²{¥X¬¡¤O¡C¦â±m¤§©ó¥¬¹p§Jªº§@«~«D±`«n¡A¨ÃÀHµÛ§@«~ªº¦¨¼ô«×º¥¼W¡G
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¡@¡@¥¬¹p§J¹ï©ó±m¦â¦L¨ê¸gÅ窺²Ö¿n¦b1795¦~¤Q¤G´T¥¨«¬³]p(fig. 8-19)¹F¨ì³Ì°ªÂI¡C³o¨Ç¹³Ã¸µe¤@¯ëªº¦L¨ê§@«~¡A¥H¿ûµ§¤Î¤ô±m§¹¦¨¡A¥iµø¬°¬O¤@¨t¦Cªº§@«~¡C¦¹¨t¦C¥H¤j¤Ø´T¤Î¯Âøµeªí²{¡A¯à°÷¹F¨ì¸ÑÄÀ¦Û§Ú¡A¤£»Ýn¤å¥»¡A¦¨¬°¦Û¤v¦Û¨¬¦³§O©ó´¡µeªºÃ¸µe¡C³o¨Çµe¦ñÀHÐá·¡ªºµ²ºc¡BÀ¸¼@©Êªº¤O¶q¡B§§Æ[ªº²Õ¦¨¡Aµý©ú¥L¤£¥u¬OÓ¦L¨ê»s³yªÌ¦Ó¬O¤@Óµe®a¡A¦]¬°Ã¸µe©Ê¤w¸g»·¶W¹L»k¨èªºªí²{¡C¦b¨â¥»¥ýª¾®Ñ¤Î¤j«¬±m¦â§@«~¤§«á¡A¥¬¹p§J¦^¨ìì¨Ó´¡µeªº¤u§@¡C¥Dn¦³1795 Young, Night Thoughts ¥H¤ÎGray, Poems ªº´¡µe®Ñ¡C¦P®É´Á¥LÀò±o¤@¥÷¬Ó®aÂ׫pªºÃÙ§U¡AThomas Butts¡A¦b±µ¤U¨Óªº¤Q¤¦~¬O³Ì¥Dnªº¦¬¤J¨Ó·½¡C1799¦~²Ä¤@¥ó¤u§@¬O¸t¸gÃD§÷ªº¤p´T§@«~¡Aµe¦b¦|¥¬©Î¤ìªO¤W¡A¥¬¹p§J»~ºÙ¨ä¬°¡§fresco¡¨¡A¨ä¹ê¨º¬O¤@ºØ³J±mµe¡A¥Î¤ì¦K©Ò¥Îªº½¦¤ô¬°ÂH¦Xªº´C§÷¡C¤j¦h¼Æªº³õ´º¨Ó¦Û·s¬ù¸t¸g¦Ó¤£¬O¦Û¨ªº³Ð·N¡A¬Ýªº¥X¨Ó¬OButtªºn¨D¤§¤Uªº§@«~¡A¤£¹L¡AÁÙ¬O¥i¥H¬ù²¤¬Ý¥X¥¬¹p§JªºÓ¤H¯«¾ÇÆ[¡C¦b1800¦~ªº¬î¤Ñ¡A¨ü¨ì¸Ö¤H¤ÎÃÙ§UªÌWilliam HayleyªºÁܽСA¦b1800¦~ªº¬î¤Ñ¡A¨ü¨ì¸Ö¤H¤ÎÃÙ§UªÌWilliam HayleyªºÁܽСA¥¬¹p§J¤Ò°ü¤@°_¨ì®üÃä¶m¤UFelpham´ç¹L¤T¦~¡C¥L´ÀHayleyªº¹Ï®ÑÀ]µe¤F¤@¨Ç¸Ë¹¢©Êªº¨v¹³µe¥H¤Î¸Öªº´¡µe¡A¤£¹L«Ü§Ö¥L´Nµo²{»P¥D¤H¨I´e¬Ýªk¤£¦X¡A¨Ã»P¤@ÓÂô¤J²ø¶éªº°s¾K¤h§L°_½Ä¬ð¡A¦]¦¹³Q±±¶DÂZ¶Ãªv¦w¡AÛ´°ªk°|©ó1804¦~±N¥L¶}ÄÀ¡C
¡@¡@¥L©ó1803¦~¦^¨ìÛ´°¡A¤@ª½¨S¦³¶¡Â_ªº¬°Thomas Buttsµe¸t¸gÃD§÷ªº¤ô±m´¡µe¡A¬ù»s§@¤F¤K¤Q´T¤j«¬·s¬ùÃD§÷ªº¤ô±mµe¡A¤£¥u¬O¯Â´¡µeªº©Ê½è¡A¤]¥]¬A¦Û¤vªºµû½×¤Î·Qªk¡C³o¨Ç§@«~ªº³]p§ó¬°§Î¦¡¤Æ¡A±j½Õ¤G«×ªÅ¶¡ªº¼Ë¦¡¤Î¹ïºÙ©Ê¡C±¡ºü¬y°Ê¦b½ü´Y½u±ø¤¤¡AÅå¤Hªº×ªø§Î¶Hªí¹F¥XÃý«ß©Êªº«ººA¡AµL¤@¤£¬O¶Ç»¼¥X§@ªÌ±j¯Pªº¤ßÆF¬}¨£¡C¥Îô¼w¦¡½u±øªº¤Û·Q¨ú¥N³æ¯Â©â¶H©Ê¡A¤£¬O·s¥j¨å¥D¸qªº¶Ç²Î¡F¨Ò¦p1805¦~ªº§@«~, The Great Red Dragon And Woman Clothed in the Sun (fig. 20)¡C1805¦~¥Xª©®aRobert Cromek¥æ¥I¥¬¹p§J»s§@Blairªº¸ÖThe Grave¤§p³]¤Î¨è»k¡A¦ý¬O¥Ñ©ó»PBlair¤§¶¡¤¬¤£«H¥ô¤Îª©±¼Æ¶q³Q§R´î¡A¨Ï±o¥¬¹p§Jªº¦¬¤J´î¤Ö¡A¤£¹L¡A³o§@«~¤Ï¦Ó¬O¨ä°ß¤@¦¨¥\³Q¤j²³±µ¨üªº§@«~¡A1813¦~¬Æ¦Ü¦³¤Gª©¦A¦L¡C¤§«á»PCromekªº¦X§@ªi§é§ó¦h¡A¥¬¹p§J¬Æ¦Üı±o³Ð·N³Q¶ÑÅѤζBõb¡C¹îı¨ì·U¥[©t¥ß¤Î¥¢¥h°Ó¾÷ªº§Î¶Õ¡A¥¬¹p§J¹Á¸Õ¤½²³©Êªº®i¥X¡A§@«~¥Dn¬O·í®É¹ï©ó'fresco'ªº¹êÅç¡A®iÄýªº¦P®É¦bDescriptive Catalogue¤¤¥L³¯z¤F¦Û¤vªº«H©À¡A«ÅºÙ¤ßÆF¬}¨£¥H¤Î¹ï©ó¤W¥jÃÀ³N¨Ó·½ªº°l·¹¬OÃÀ³N³Ð§@ªº¨Ó·½¡A¥L¤Ï¹ï¹³´£»¤Î¾|¥»´µ¼Ò½k¦â±mªºªí¹F¤è¦¡¡C¥u¬O¡A³o®iÄýÁÙ¬O¥¢±Ñ¤F¡C
¡@¡@±q¦bFelpham©~¦íªº®É´Á¡A¥¬¹p§J´N²`²`µÛ°g©óMiltonªº¸Ö¡A1801-1807¦~¥Lµe¤F¤@¨t¦Cªº¤ô±mµe¡A1808¦~¨Ã¥HParadise Lost¬°ÂŹϻs§@¤F¤£´M±`ªº¶¯°¶¥¨´Tµe§@(fig. 21-24)¡C¥t¤@´¡µe®ÑMilton¡A¤º®e±Ôzªº¬OMilton°¥@©ó¦a²y¨Ã»P³Ð§@ªÌ¦Û¤vºë¯«·N©Àµ²¦X¬°¤@¡C´¡µeªº³¡¤À´X¥G¦û¾Ú¤F¥þ³¡ªºª©±¡A»P¤å¥»¤À¶}¡A¨Ã¥B¨Ï¥Î¤FWhite-line engraving¡A§Î¦¡¬O¥Ñ¦â½Õ³B²z¨Ó¬É©w¦Ó¤£¬O¾a½ü¹ø½u¡A¬°¥¬¹p§Jªº³Ð§@¼g¤U¥þ·sªº¤@¶¡C¬Û¹ï©óFlaxmanºë½oÅÖ²Óªº³]p¡A¥¬¹p§J±ß´Áªº´¡µeªí²{¥X±j¯P»P¦â±mªºÂ×´I©Ê¡A´X¥G¥i»¡¹³¤Ú¬¥§Jªº§Î¦¡¡C¦P®É´Á§@«~ Jerusalum, ¡§The Emanation of the Giant Albion¡¨¡A¬O³Ì«á¤@¥ó¤]¬O³Ì°¶¤jªº¤@³¡´¡µe®Ñ¡C³o¶¯°¶ªº¥v¸ÖĨ|©ó¸t¸g»y¨¥¤Î¶H¼x¡AÀ¸¼@¤Æªº§e²{¤HÃþ¤F¤ßÆF»P¦×Åé¡A²z©Ê»P·Q¹³¤O¤§¶¡ªº½Ä¬ð©M±Ã¤ã¡C1809-1818¦~¥¬¹p§Jªº¥Í¬¡¦ü®ø¥¢¤F¤@¯ëªº¤£¬°¤Hª¾¡A¤@ª½¨ì¤»¤Q¤@·³®É¡A¦]¦~»´¤@¥NªºÃÀ³N®a¦A«×¥X²{¡C·í®Éµe¨v¹³µe¬°¥D¡A¤§«á¦¨¬°µÛ¦W·´ºµe®aªºJohn Linnell¡A©e°U¥¬¹p§J¦X§@¨è»k¨v¹³µe¡C¸g¥ÑLinnell¡A»{ÃѤFJohn Varley¡A¥L¬OLinnellªº¦Ñ®v¡A¤ô±m·´ºµe®a¡A¤]¦P®É³Q¤¶²Ðµ¹¤@¸s§ó¦~»´ªºÃÀ³N®aÌ¡G¥]¬ASamuel Palmeer, Georges Richmond, Edward Calvert¡C³o¨Ç¦~»´¤H¨Ã¤£»{¬°¥¬¹p§JºÆ¤F¡A¥LÌ·q¬È¥L¥B¬Û«H¥Lªº¬}¨£¡C¦¹®Éªº§@«~¥]¬ABuilder of the Pyramids, Richard Coeur de Lion, and Queen Maud (1819-20)¡AGhost of a Flea(1819-20, fig. 25)¡CLinnell¥N²zBlakeªº§@«~¨Ã¥BÃÙ§U¥L§¹¦¨±ß¦~¤G³¡¥¨§@¡GThe Book of Job (fig. 26-27)¤Î Dante's Divine Comedy(unfinished)¡CJob ³o³¡®Ñ«Ü¤£¦Pªº¬O¡A¼v¹³¦¨¬°¤¤¤ß¡A¦Ó¤å¦r¬O¦bÃä½t¡A¥¬¹p§J¥ç½á»PJob¬Û·í¤£¦P©ó¶Ç²Îªº¸àÄÀ¡C³o§@«~ªº·®æ¤]¦]¦A¦¸¬ã¨sDurer, Marcantonio Raimondi, Bonasone, other Renaissance ¤j®v¨ü¨ì¼vÅT¡C¿@±K§G§½ªº½u±ø¡A»P¤§«e¨Ï¥Îªº¼v½u¬Û·í¤£¦P¡A³Ð³y¥X¥Í°Êªº½è·P©M±j¯Pªº¥ú¼v¹ï¤ñ¡C³o®ÄªG»P·s¥j¨å¥D¸q(like Flaxman)ªº½u±ø³]p§¹¥þ¤£¤@¼Ë¡C
¡@¡@¥¬¹p§J¤@ª½¬¡ÅD³Ð§@¡A©ó1827¦~ªYµM¹L¥@¡C¥Lªº§@«~¡A¥Í¬¡¡A¾·~³£~²§©ó·í®ÉªºÃÀ³N®a¦p¤j½Ã¤Îô¶®¡C³o»P¥LÓ¤H¯S®í©Ê®æ¤Î^°ê·í®ÉªºÃÀ³Nª¬ªp¦³Ãö¡C¤j½Ã©Mô¶®³£¦³°ê®a¾÷ºcªº¤ä«ù¡A¤£¥²¤Ó¾á¤ß¤½²³ªºn¨D¤Î¦¬¤ä¥¿Åªº°ÝÃD¡C¥L̤]¦P®É¬O´Â§Êªºµe®a¡A±µªñ°ê®aªºÅv¤O¤¤¤ß¡A¾Ö¦³©x¤èªºÃÙ§U¤Î¤½¶}®iÄýµ¥¦UºØ¸ê·½¡C¦AªÌ¡A¥L̦³¾ú¥v±y¤[ªºÃ¸µe¤å¤Æ¶Ç²Î¡A³£¸Ë³Æ¨ä§¹¦¨¦UºØ¤£¦Pªº³¥¤ß»P¹Á¸Õ¡A¹³ô¶®´N¼sªxªº¯AÂy¤F¾Àµe¡B¨v¹³µe¡A¦L¨ê»s³y¬Æ¦Ü¦ç¯¾³]p¡C¬Û¹ï¤W¦b^°ê¡A¯Ê¥F°ê®aªºÃÙ§U¨Ï±oÃÀ³N®a¥²¶·¦b«Ü¤pªº°Ó·~½d³ò¤¤Ävª§¨D¥Í¦s¡C¥¬¹p§JªºÂ¾·~§ó³Q¥L¤§«eªº¤uÃÀ°V½m©Ò¨î¡A¥B¹½´cªoµeªº¨Ï¥Î¤Î¨v¹³µe¡C¥L¦s¦b©ó¤@Ó¦¸µ¥ÃÀ³Nªº°é¤l¡A¯Ê¥F¾÷ºcªº¤ä´©¡AªÀ·|³sô¡A¥H¤Î®È¹C©M¿ËÁ{¤j®v§@«~ªº¾÷·|¡C¥L±j¦Ó¦³¤Oªº¤ßÆF¨Ã¨S¦³³Q¼s¤j¸s²³¤F¸Ñ¡B°Q½×¡A©Î¬O¦^À³¡C¬°¤F¿Ñ¥Í¡A¥u¦n¦¨¬°¤@Ó¥Xª©ªÌ¡A±N¦Û¤vªº³Ð·N±H©ó®Ñ¶¤¤¡C¥Ñ©ó»P¥@«U²¨Â÷©t¥ß¡A¥¬¹p§JÂà¦V¤F¤º¦bªº¤ßÆF¥@¬É¡A§Î¦¨¤j²³µLªk²z¸Ñªº¯S®íªº¶H¼x»y¨¥¡C¥L³Q²{¹ê¥@¬Éªº±Æ°£¤Ï¦Ó¬O¶}±Ò¥t¤@Ó·Q¹³ªº¤Ñ¦a¡A¦b¨ä¤¤¥L¯à°l¨D²z·Q¡A¤£³Qª«½è§xÃø´Ý®`¡A¤£¥Î³Q§åµû¼f¬d¡A±q¤½²³ªºn¨D¤¤¸Ñ©ñ---´«¥y¸Ü»¡¡A¯à¤ñ¦P®É´ÁªºÃÀ³N®a§ó¥[¦Û¥Ñªº³Ð³y¥X¯Âãc¡B¥H²z·Q¬°¤¤¤ßªºÃÀ³N¡C ²Ä¤G³¡¤À¡G¤ÀªR1795¦~¤Q¤G´T¤j«¬±m¦â¦L¨ê¡@[1] Elohim Creating Adam »P Satan Exulting over Eve (fig. 8, 9)
1. ¨ã¦³¯Í»Hªº¤÷¯« (father-god) ¿¬µ¾©ó³QÂÎÄñ¶ªº¨È·í¤§¤W¡F¨ã¦³¯Í»Hªº¼»¥¹¸µ¾©ó³Q³D¸i¸jªº®L«½¤§¤W¡C¥Ñ©Çª«§À¤Ú¤Î¤Ó¶§¡B¤õ¿Vªº¤è¦V¡AElohim À³¸m©ó Satan ªº¥ª¤è¡C¯«³Ð³y¨È·í¦b®L«½ªº¼Z¸¨¤§«e¡A³o¤£¶È¬O¸t¸gªº±Ô¨Æ[2] (narrative terms) ¤è¦¡¤]¬O¥¬¹p§J¿ëÃÒªºµ¦²¤ (polemical strategy)¡C 2. Elohim¤@¹Ïªí²{¥X³Ð³y¤HÃþª«²z©Ê¨Âß(man¡¦s physical body)¬O¤@¨¸´cªºÁ|°Ê(sinister act) ¡G (a) Åã¥ÜµhWªº¨È·í (b) ¥b¤H¥bÂΪº¨«¬ (c) µLªí±¡¾®µøªº¥ÕŽ³Ð³yªÌ (d) ³Q¶³©Ò¾B»\ªº¶§¥úªºª«½è¥D¸q 3. ¦ÓSatan ¤@¹Ï«h¬O¸g¥Ñ¿Ø¨ë©Êªº½×ÃÒ¹ïÀ³¨ä¤@¹Ïªº³]p (a) ¨ã¦³½¿½»¥~«¬¯Í»Hªº¾Ô¤hÀ³¬O°{Ä£µÛ¥ú¨~ªº¤Ó¶§¯«ªº¦P·ù (b) ¥¬¹p§J¹ï©ó¼Z¸¨ (the Fall) ªº·§©À¬O¦Pµ¥©ó©Ê§Oªº¤À¤Æ (sexual division) ¡A¸g¥Ñ®L«½¦¨¬°¬rÄ«ªGªºÄ묹ªÌ¹Ï¹³¡Aº¡·N¦Ó¦l¯º¡B¥Ñ¤õ¿V¸Ë¹¢ªº³D¡A©ï²´¦ý¤£¯àº¡¨¬ªº¾Ô³õ^¶¯¡C 4. ¼»¥¹ªº¤õµK¤Î¤÷¯«ªº¶§¥ú¤§¹ï·Ó¦³¯«¾Ç¤Î¬Fªv¤Wªº·N²[¡A»P¥¬¹p§J©Ò¸àÄÀªºMilton ¤Î The book of Ahania ¦³Ãö¡C¥Lªº³Ð³yÆ[¬O¶É¦Vt±¸àÄÀ¡A»P1794¦~The Book of Urizen ªº³Ð³yÆ[¬Û¥¦æ¡A¦¹³Ð³yªºÁ|°Ê¬O¤@Ó¿ù»~¡A©Î»¡³Ð³y¥»¨´N¬O¤HÃþ¼Z¸¨ªº¶}©l¡C¦b³Ð³y¤§«e¦t©z¬O¤@Ó¾ãÅé¥B¨ã¦³¥Ã«í©Ê¡A¦ý¬O³Ð³yªºÁ|°Ê±a¨Ó¤Àµõ¡G¨k»P¤k¡Aµ½»P´c¡A¨Åé»P¤ßÆF¡A·Q§ä¦^즳ªº¥Ã«í´N¥²¶·«·s³sµ²(reunity)³o¨Ç¤Àµõªº³¡¤À[3]¡C¦Ü©óÀ³¸Ó¦p¦ó«·s³sµ²¡A«h¯d¦b²Ä¤T³¡¥÷ªº°Q½×¡C 5. ¼»¥¹ªºx¨Æ©Ê»PThe Marriage of Heaven and Hell ¤¤ªºMiltonªºÀ±ÁɨȦ³Ãö¡A«D^¶¯©ÒÀ³¦³ªºµJ¼{ªí±¡¡B«ù¦³ªº¬ÞµP¤Îªøºj¡B¥H¤Î³Dªº§Î¶H³£¦bParadise Lost ªº¤@¦Ü¥|³¹´¡¹Ï(fig. 21-24)¤¤¥X²{[4]¡C¥¢¼Ö¶é¤¤¼»¥¹ªº§Î¶H¦b³\¦hÃÀ³N®a³Ð§@³£¥X²{¹L¡A¦ý¬O¥¬¹p§J§ó¶Ç¹F¤F¥L¦P®É©M¨È·í®L«½³£ÄݼZ¸¨¥@¬É¡A¦P¤@¨Ó·½¦P¬O¤£¥i¤Á¤Àªº¤@Ó¾ãÅé¡C
Nebuchadnezzar »P Newton (fig. 14, 15)
1. ¤G¹Ï³£¬O»r¨°¼±¨k©Ê§Î¶H¡AI³¡§e¤ô¥¡A¥Ñ¦Ù¦×µ²¹êªº¥|ªÏ©µ¦ù¦Ü¤g¦a¡F«e´º³£¦³´³»éªº²`¦âºñ¦a©µ¦ù¦ÜI´º¥Ñ¶Â·t©Î¾ð¤ì§Î¦¨±×¹ï¨¤ªººc¹Ï¡CNebuchadnezzar»PElohim¤@¼Ëªø¾vÄGŽ¡ANewton »P¼»¥¹¤@¼Ë¬O±²¾vªº¦~»´¤H¡F¨âªÌ¬ÛÃþ¦üªº¬O¾®µøªº²´·ú¤Î¦y®¼ªºÃ¹°¨¦¡»ó¼Ù¡C 2. Nebuchadnezzar ¦b1790¦~ªºThe Marriage of Heaven and Hell plate 24¬O´Â¦VÆ[ªÌªº¥ª¤è (fig. 28)¡A¦ÓNewton ¦b¥ý«eªº¯À´y¤¤¤]¬O´Â¥ª (fig. 29)¡F¤£¦Pªº¥u¦³1795 ¦~±m¦âª©¥»ªºNebuchadnezzar ¥h±¼¤FÀY¤Wªº¬Ó«a¡A¥B¨âªÌ³£Åܦ¨´Â¦VÆ[ªÌªº¥k¤è¡C
3. Satan »P Elohim ªº¬Û¹ï¤è¦V±j½Õ¤HÃþ¼Z¸¨ªºª¬ºA¡A¦ÓNebuchadnezzar »PNewton ¬Û¦Pªº¤è¦V«h¬O±j½Õ°¶¤jªº¼Æ¾Ç®a¤£¦Ûı«½Æ¤F¤Ú¤ñÛ°ê¤ý±R©|ª«½è¥D¸qªº¿ù»~¡C 4. ¦b The Marriage of Heaven and Hell plate 24 ªº Nebuchadnezzar §t¦³¥¬¹p§J¹ï©ó¬d²z¤T¥@ªº³ß¼@©Ê¿Ø¨ë¡A¦ý¬O¦b1795¦~±m¦âª©¥»¤¤§e²{ªº§¹¥þ¬O©Úµ´¯«¸t±Ò¥Ü¤§«á¡A²_¸¨¬°«D¤HÃþ¤ß§Óª¬ºA¡BÅå·W¥¢±¹ªºµ~¹Ò¡Cµe±¤Wªº¤Hª«¦V¥~¥H´c¹Ú¯ëªºÅ宣ÀüµøµÛÆ[ªÌ¡F¨Ì°·§§ªº¨ÂߤδĬõ¥¼Âà¥ÕªºÀY¾v¡A«o¦]I´ºªº¨âÁû¤j¾ð¦ÓÅã±o´ù¤p¡F¦ÑÆNªº¦Ð¤ò¤Î³¾Ãþªº¤ö¤lÅýÆ[ªÌ¨£ÃÒ¤FµLªk§Ü©Ú©Î±±¨îªºÅܧΡC 5. ³o¨â´T¹Ï©Ò§e²{ªº±¡ºü±i¤O¤]¸ò«e¤G¹Ï¤@¼Ë¦³µÛ¥¬¹p§Jªº½×ÃÒ©Ê¡CÃö©óNewton ¦b1795¦~¤§«eªº§Î¶H(There is No Natural Religion plate 10, fig. 30 )[5]¡A¥]¬A¸t¸g»P¤å¾Çªº½×z(Proverb 8:27[6]¡ADaniel 1:3-4[7]) ¥H¤Î¥¬¹p§J¦Û¤vªº´¡µe®Ñ(The Book of Urizen 7: 8[8]¡AThe Four Zoas 6:239-48)³£´¿´£¤Î¡C¦ý¦b³o±m¦â¦L¨êª©¥»¥¬¹p§J¿W¥ß©ó³o¨Ç¨Ó·½¤ÎÃþ¤ñ¡A¦Ó¬O±NNewton »P Nebuchadnezzar ¦Pµø¬°¤@Ó¬Û©IÀ³ªº¨t²Î¨Ó³B²z¡G
(a) Nebuchadnezzar ªº²´·ú¥u¨£´c¹Ú¯ëªºÅ宣¡ANewton«h¬O¥u¨£¦Û¤v©Òµe¥Xªº´X¦ó¹Ï§Î¡C (b) ¥h¤HÃþ¤Æ(dehumanizing)ªº§Î¶H¦b¤G¹Ï³£¥i¬Ý¥X¡A¥]¬A¨âªÌ³£¬O¥|ªÏ±µÄ²¦a±ªº°Êª«¤Æ§Î¶H¡AÁÙ¦³Nebuchadnezzar³¾Ãþªº¤ö¤l¤ÎNewton¤â¤W¤]¹³¤ö¤lªºª÷¦â¶ê³W¡C (c) ¦bNebuchadenazzar¨«á¦ü¥G¬O¤£¦Ûı¥Íªøªº°ª¾ð¥Nªí¤F¦Û¶Æªº²z©Ê´¼¼z¡A¦Ó¦bNewton ±Mª`©ó´X¦ó´ú¶qªºI«á¤]¬O¦Û¨¥Õ¦â¤æÁO»P©¥¥Û¤j¦a¦X¬°¤@Åé¡C 9. ¤Ïª«½è¥D¸qªº²z½×¥i¥H¦b¦¹¤G¹Ï¤Î¨ä¥L§@«~(Europe, The Four Zoas)¤¤¬Ý¨ì¡A¦ý¯Âºé±qµøı¹Ï¹³ªº¨¤«×¨Ó¬Ý¡A³o¤@¹ï¹Ï¥i²³æªº»¡¬O¥¬¹p§J¹ï©óDaniel 4: 33[9]·¥¦³¤O¶qªº·Q¹³´¡µe¡C
Lamech and His
Two Wives
»P
Naomi Entreating Ruth and Orpah to Return to the Land of Moab
(fig.
12, 13)
1. ¤G¹Ï³£¬O³Qµô¥h¥|ӱר¤¡A¥B¦³°ª«×ªºµøı¬Û¦ü©Ê¡G (a) ¤TÓ¯¸¥ßªº§Î¶H¥H¤Î³£¬O¨â¤H»E¶°¡A¥t¤@¤H¿W¥ßªº¤À°t¡C (b) ¤@¼Ëªº¬y°Ê©Êªºªø³T¡C (c) ¦P¼Ë¥H¤âÁu»P¤â´xªº«ººAªí²{¤@Ó¯S©wªº®ÉªÅª¬ºA¡C (d) ¦P¼Ë«e´º©ú«G¡AI´º¬O·tºñ¦âªº¤s¥C¤ÎÂaÄgªº¤ÑªÅ¡C 2. ³o¼Ëªºµøı»y¨¥©úÅã»P´yz¤j¬x¤ô¹L«áªº´º¶H¬ÛÃþ¦ü¡A¤£¹L±q¥¬¹p§J¥t¤@´T ¡§Ruth the Dutiful Daughte-in-law¡¨(fig. 31)
¥i¬Ý¥X¡A¤Wz¤G´T¹Ïªº¬Û¦ü©Ê¤£¥u¬O³æ¯Ân¤ÏÀ³¨Æ¥óªº³¯z¦Ó¤w¡C¨â¹Ï³£¬O¥Ñ¸t¸g¬G¨Æ[10]ªºÆF·Pµo®i¥X¸Ö·N¤ÎÀ¸¼@¤Æºt»¡¤@¯ëªº¹Ïµe§e²{¡CLamech µÛ«¦b¹L¥¢±þ¤H¤§«á»P®a¤H±Ôzªº³õ´º¡ANaomi«h¬O±j½Õ©óMoab ªº©ñ³v¡A¨ä¨Ã¤£¬O´M¨Dµuµøªº±B«Ã¦Ó¬O¬ß±æ»»»·¥¼¨Óªº´_¬¡¡C 3. ¥H¤U¤G¹Ï¯àÅý§Ú̧ó¤F¸Ñ¨ä¤¤ªº·§©À¡G (a) The Body of Abel Found by Adam and Eve (fig. 32) ¡Ð¡Ð¸ÓÁôÅå·W¥¢±¹ªº«º¶Õ»PLamech ¤@¼Ò¤@¼Ë (b) Christ Appearing to the Apostles (fig. 19)
¡Ð¡ÐNaomiªºÀY³¡¡B¨Åé¡BÂù¤â¡BÂù´x³£»P°ò·þ¤@¼Ë 4. ³o¨ÇÃþ¤ñ©Î¹ï¤ñªº³]p·t¥ÜLamech »P Naomi ¦P¬O´yz¤F¦b³o¼Z¸¨¤j¦a¤¤ªº²Ä¤@ÓÀ³³\( the first affirmation)¡A ¤£½×¬O¥H¨üÄþ³d¤§¥@¬É¡B©Î¬O¨ü¼e®¤¤§¥@¬É(world views of condemnation and forgiveness)³£¤@¼Ë¾Ö¦³³oÓÀ³³\¡C 5. ¾ÇªÌSwedenborg ´`µÛ¸ÓÁôªº¤l®](¥H¤ÎLamech¹ï«H¤ßªº©Úµ´) §Î¦¨²§±Ð³oӯ߸¨¡A«ü»{Lamechªº©d¤l̬O¡u·s±Ð±Ð°ó¡v(¡§New Church¡¨)¡A¦Ó¨ä¤G¤À§O¬O¡uÄݤѪº»PÆF©Êªº¨Æª«¤§¥À¡v(Adah, ¡§the mother of the celestial and spiritual things of that Church¡¨)¥H¤Î¡u¦ÛµM¨Æª«¤§¥À¡v(Zillah, ¡§the mother of the natural things¡¨)¡C¨Ì·ÓSwedenborg ªº´J·N¡A¥¬¹p§JÅåÄߪºÀüµøµÛ³Q¥L±þ¦ºªº¡u¦~»´¤H¡v(¡§young man¡¨)¡A¦b¤@®Ç¬Û¨Ìªº©d¤lÌ«h¬O§l¦¬¥]§t¥L©Ò±Ò°Êªº±Ð±øªº³B»@¡C 6. µe±Á׶}¨Ï¥Î¤õµKµ¥±j¯Pªºªí¤è¦¡¡A¦ý¤Hª«ªº²Õ¦X¤Î«ººA¡B«ÍÅ餧¤Wªº¶Â·t¤s¨¦¡A³£»¡©ú¤F¤@ºØ¤£¦w©wªº¥DÃD¡C³o¤£¦w©wªºªí²{¡A´£¨ÑNaomi¤@¹Ï·¥¨Îªº¹ï·Ó¡C¸û²`¦âªº«e´º¡B¹ïºÙªº¥Õ³T¡B¨â®y·½·½ªº¤s¥C¶Ç¹F¥X¤ñ¸ûéwªº¦L¶H¡C 7. Orpah (Æ[ªÌ¥ª¤âÃ䪺¤k¤l)ªº¤âÁu»PLamechªº¤â¶Õ¬Û©IÀ³¡A¦o¨M©w¯d¦bMoab¨Ã¤£¬OÃg»@¦Ó¬O¦Û§Úªº§à¾Ü¡FLamech¤§©d¬ÛÀô¶¦pºÊ¸T¤@¯ëªº¤âÁu«h¬O¹ï¤ñ©óRuthªº¦Û§Ú¨M¤ß»P©Ó¿Õ¡An»PNaomi¤@¦P¦^Bethlehem¡CNaomiªº«º¶Õ¤ÎÂùÁu¡B©MÀY¤Wªº¥úÀô¡B³£¹w¥Ü¤F°ò·þªº¼Ë¦¡¡A³o¤G´Tµe´£¨ÑÃö©óÄþ³d(condemnation)»P¼e®¤(forgiveness) ªºµøı¿ëÃÒ¡C Hecate »P Pity (fig. 16. 17)
1. Pity ¥i¯à±qMacbethªº¼v¹³¡G¡¨naked new-born babe/Striding the beast¡¨[11]¡FHecate «h¬O¥i¯à±qA midsummer Night¡¦s Dream¤å¥»¦Ó¨Ó¡C¤G¹Ïªº¦â±m¤Î¦â½Õ¬O¤@Pªº¡A¥B³£±j½Õ¹Ï¹³ªº¶H¼x©Ê¡A¥¬¹p§JªºÃ±¦W³Qµo²{¦bHecateªº¥ª¤U¤è»PPityªº¥k¤U¤è¡Aªí¥ÜHecate À³¸m©óÆ[ªÌªº¥ª¤è¦ÓPity¦b¥k¤è¡C¤GªÌªº¹ï¤ñ¬O¡G««ª½¡Ð¡Ð¥¦æ¡AÀR¤î¡Ð¡Ð°ÊºA¡A®À§é¡Ð¡Ð¸Ñ²æ¡C 2. Ãö©óHecate ªºªA¸Ë¬O»P¦Ì¶}®Ô°òùSistine±Ð°ó¤§¤k¥ýª¾Ãþ¦ü¡A°Êª«ªº³¦ñ«hÅã¥Ü¤F²§±Ð®{ªº®ðª^¡A¶Ç¹F¥X¤k§Å¤ÎÅܧΪº·t¥Ü¡C¤TÀY§Î¶Hªº¨ä¤¤ªÌ¬O¥Ñ»r¨ªº¤@¨k¤@¤k§CÀY±´Â¤º²Õ¦¨¡AÅã¥Ü¥X¹³Vala¤@¯ëªº§Ò§ª¤ßÂǥѪýêCupid »PPsycheªºµ²¦X«I»k¤F¥Í¾÷¡CHecate²`¦âªºÀY¾v©IÀ³Naomi ¤@¹Ï¤¤Orpahªº¾v¦â¡A¨ä¸T¼¤¥D¸qªí²{¦b¥æ¤eªºÂù»L¥H¤Î¹ï©óª«½è¥@¬É´d¶Ëªº¨I«ä¡C¦oªº¥ª¤â¹«ü¦p¦PThe Book of Urizen ªºº¶(fig. 7)
©Ò¤Æªº¤@¯ë¡A±µÄ²µÛ°O¸ü¸T¥Oªºªk¨å(prohibitive code)¡A±q³o®Ñ¥»©µ¦ù¥Xµo¦p¦PNewtonªº´X¦ó¹Ï§Î¤@¼Ë¡A¤@ºØt±ªº¤O¶qªuµÛ¹ï¨¤½u¶i¤J¤T¨¤§Îªº©¥¥Û¤¤¡A¨ä¤¤ÅõºÈ¤F¤H©Ê¡A¥¥¨|ÅܺAªº¡BµL´¼ÃѪº¥Íª«¡C 3. §CÀY¦Y¯óªºÆj¤l¦p¦PNewton ªº¤æÁO»P Lamech ªº±b´×¡A¦P¼ËªºÆj¤l§Î¶H¤]¥X²{¦b¥¬¹p§J¸àÄÀ°¨¤ÓºÖµ2 ³¹11-23¸`(The Repose of the Holy Family in Egypt, fig. 33)¡A ¦]¦¹Hecate«Ü¦³¥i¯à¬O¸t¸gªº¬G¨Æ¤¤ªº¥t¤@ºØ¸àÄÀ¡C¦A¶W¼g¹êªº¦t©z»P´c¹Ú¤§¤¤¡A¤÷¯«¬OÂù²´Àüµøªº¿ßÀYÆN¡AÍ¢ªº¨à¤l¬O©¥¥Û¤¤µLªk°k¥XªºÃÊßï¡A¦Óì¬OÂF¤lªº¸tÆF(holy spirit)¬O¨ã¦³¿ßÀY½¿½»¯Í»Hªº©Çª«¡A¦P®É«Â¯Ù¨º¹ï¬Ý¤£¨£±®eªº¦~»´¨k¤k¡C±qHecate ©Ò¸gÅ窺¶Â·t¡B³Q§¯³N°g´bªº¡A§á¦±ªº®ðª^¡A¨ì¤FPity ±NÂàÅܦ¨¥Rº¡¯à¶q¡B·O´d¡B¥H¤Î¸Ñ©ñªº·Pı¡C
4. Ãö©óPity ¹Ï¤¤ªº¥ÀÃD¡A°£¤F®öº©¬£¤å¾Ç±`¨£¤§¥~¡A¤]¥i±q¥¬¹p§Jªº¯À´y½Z¤Î¤G´TÃö©ó¼¯¦èªº¬G¨Æ(Exodus 2: 5-9¡ABlake¡¦s watercolor ¡§The Finding of Moses, fig. 34¡A¡¨Moses Placed in the Ark of the Bulrushes, fig. 35)¤¤¬Ý¨ì¨äÅܤơC쥻¦b»®úÂO¤¤¦]¥Í²£¦Ó§á¦±¾Ö©ê·s¥Í¨àªº¥À¿Ë¡AºCºCÂàÅܦ¨¦ù®i¶}ªºªÏÅé¡A³T¤l»P´Óª«ÂOªº½u±ø¦X¦Ó¬°¤@¡A¤pÀ¦¨à¤]³Q±µ¨ìÃM°¨ªÌªº¤â¤¤¡Cì¨Ó¥¬º¡µe±ªº±×«B¤]¤£¸¨¦b¥À¿Ëªº¨¤W¡AÂàÅܬ°¤kÃM¤h¥¼±¼¸¨ªº²´²\¤Îµe±¥k¤U¨¤ªº¤@³¡¤À(fig. 36-39)¡C
5. ¤pÀ¦¨àªº§Î¶H«h»PThe Book of Urizen ¤¤¦~»´ªºOrc ¤Îthe Nativity Ode (Ãö©óC¿q½Ï¥Í¡Afig. 40) ªº´¡µe¹p¦P¡A¥Lªº«º¶Õ¦P®É¥i©IÀ³¤Q¦r¬[¥H¤Î¤ýªÌªº½Ï¥Í¡C¾ã´TµeªºµJÂIÀ³¬O¬Û¹ï©óHecateªº¦A¥Í¤Î§Æ±æ¡AY¬O¥H³oÓ¤è¦V°lÂܳo¨â´Tµeªº¨Ó·½¡A«Ü¥i¯àÁÙ¬O»P¥¬¹p§Jªº©v±Ð¯«¾Ç«ä·Q¬ÛÃö¡C The House of Death »P Christ Appearing to the apostles after the Resurrection (fig. 18, 19) 1. ¤G¹Ï¦P¼Ë¬O´yø¬ù¤»Ó¥ª¥k¥ª×ªº¤H¡A¥H¯«¸tªº§Î¶H¬°¤¤¤ß¡C¯«ªºÀY³¡¸m©ó¤¤¥¡±µªñµe±³»ºÝªº¦a¤è¡AÂù¤â®i¶}½T©w¹ï©ó¤HÃþªºÃö«Y¡Cµe±ªº¥ª¤è³£¤@¼Ë¦³¤@Ó¸÷§¤©ïÀY¥õ±æªº¤H¡Cµe±ªº¦â±m¥H¶Àºñ¤ÎÂźñ¬°¥D¡C 2. ¦bDeath ¹Ï¤¤¡A¦pUrizen¤@¯ë¨S¦³¨Å骺§Î¶H¤ô¥ªº®i¶}Âù¤â¡A¤â´x´Â¤U¡A±q¶³Ãú¤¤´²µo·t¥Ü¯e¯f¤Î¨aÃøªº¼C¡Aµe±¥kÃ䪽¥ß««ÀY«ùµu¼Cªº¤H«h¬O¥H¡uµ´±æ¡v¦øÔ¿©¯fªÌªº§Î¶H[12]¡C¦Ó¦bChrist ¹Ï¤¤¡A°ò·þªº¦×¨¯¸¥ß¦bªù®{¤¤¡A²´·ú¬Ý¦Vªù®{¡A´²µoªº¥ú¨~³sµ²¤F¤Ñ°ó»P¹Ð¥@¡A¹³ªù®{®i¶}ªºÂù´x»P¨ä¤Wªº¶Ë²ª¶H¼xÀ³³\¤Î±q¸i¸j¤¤¸Ñ©ñ¡C 3. ¥HÁɨȮѲÄ58³¹²Ä5¸`[13]´£¨ì¦a¤Wªº³Â¥¬¥i¦bDeath ¥H¤Î¥¬¹p§J¨ä¥Lªº´¡µe(to Blair)¤¤¬Ý¨ì (fig. 41)
¡A¶H¼x³Qé¹Ü¦Ó¨ª¨ªºª¬ºA¡A¤Hª«±»ª³£¬O§á¦±ªº¡A¶Ç¹F¥X¼Z¸¨¥@¬É¤¤¤ßÆF¤Î¦×Å骺µhW¡F¦bChrist¹Ïªºªù®{«h¬O¨¬ïªø³T¨ú¥N³Â¥¬¤Î¨ª»rªº¨Åé¡C¦bDeath¶³Ãú¥k¤U¤è¦³¤@ÓÂù¤â©êÀY¦ü¥G¬O³B©ó®£Äߤ¤·Qn«OÅ@¦Û¤vªº§Î¶H¡A¬Û¹ï©óChrist «h¬O¤@Ó¸÷µÛ¿Ë§k°ò·þ¦ç³Tªºªù®{¡Aªí¹F¤FÁ¾®¥»P«H¥ô¡C 4. Death ¹Ï¹³¥i¯à»PMilton©óParadise Lost 11: 477-525 ªº´yz[14]¦³Ãö¡A¥¬¹p§J©ó1790¦~¤]¦³¥t¤@´T§@«~¡CChrist «h¬O¥¬¹p§J¹ï©ó¸ô¥[ºÖµ¤Î¬ù¿«ºÖµªº¸àÄÀ[15]¡C³o¼Ëªº²Õ¦X»P¯«ªºÀ³³\¤Î±q¸o¤¤ÄÀ©ñ¦³«D±`±K¤ÁªºÃöÁp¡C±qDeath ¨ìChrist »¡©ú¤F¾Ô³Ó¦ÛµMºò±µµÛ°ò·þªº´_¬¡¡A¤]»P¨ä¥L±m¦â¦L¨ê¤@¼Ë±qÂŦâ½Õªº¶³ÃúÂàÅܬ°¶À¦â½Õªº¥ú¨~¡C God judging Adam »P The Good and Evil Angels Struggling for Possession a Child (fig. 10, 11) 1. ³o¨â´T¹ÏªºÃöÁp©Ê¸û¤£©úÅã¡A¦ü¥G¬O¨ä¥L§@«~±Æ¦C¤§«á³Ñ¤U¨Ó¥u¦n©ñ¸m¦b¤@°_¡CJudgment ¦b1790¦~¥N«e´Á´¿¦³¤@¨ÇÃþ¦üªº§@«~¡AAngels «h¬O¦bThe Marriage of Heaven and Hell ²Ä¥|ӹϪ©¥X²{(fig. 42)¡C¨ì¤F1795¦~ªºª©¥»¤GªÌ³£§e²{±j¯Pªº¦â±m¤Î±¡ºüªº±i¤O¡C
2. Judgment¹Ï¤¤±¡ºüªº½ÄÀ»©Ê¥Ñ¨ª¨¥B©ö¨ü¶Ë®`ªº¨È·í¡B¯«ªºÄY¼F¡B®»ºN³¡©wªº¶³Ãú¡B¶ê½L§Î¤Ó¶§¤Î°¨I¤Wªº¯PµK©Ò±j½Õ¡C¤Ó¶§ªº´X¦ó§Îª¬©IÀ³¤Fª½®gªº¥ú¨~¤Î¯«ªº¤âÁu»Pŷ÷¡A¨ä·t¥Ü¨Ó¦Û¯«ªº¥¿¸q»P¼««ã¡A©M¦Ì¶}®Ô°òù The Fall and Expulsion ·í¤¤¤Ñ¨Ïªº¼C¤@¼Ë¡C 3. ¥ÑMarriage of Heaven and Hell ªº²Ä¥|¹Ïª©¤§¤å¦r[16]¥iµo²{¡A¦b¥¬¹p§Jªº¸àÄÀ¤§¤¤µ½»P´c¡B¨Åé»P¤ßÆF¡A¨ä¹ê¬O¤@Å骺¨â±¡AJudgementªº¯«»PAngels ªº´cÅ]¦P®É¬OÅé²{¨äÅGÃÒ©Ê¡C±NJudgment ¸m©ó¥ª¤èAngel ¸m©ó¥k¤è®É¡A¿U¿Nªº¤õµK¦ì©ó¤¤¥¡³sµ²¨¸´c¤Ñ¨Ï»P¼f§P¤§¯«¡A©MElohim ¤ÎSatan ³o¹ï¹Ï¤@¼Ë¡A³£¦V¤¤¤ß»E¶°¡C 4. ¦¹¤G¹Ï»P¸t¸g¤¤¨È§B¸ÓÁôªº¬G¨ÆªºÃöÁp©Ê¡G³QÅKÁåÂê¦í¤@¸}¦ý¥Rº¡¯à¶qªº´cÅ](devil)·t¥Ü¤F·Q°kÂ÷ªº¸ÓÁô¡A¤p«Ä»Pµ½ªº¤Ñ¨Ï¤§ªí±¡©M«º¶Õ«h¹p¦P©óµo²{±þ¤HªÌ(¸ÓÁô)©M³QÄ묹µÛ(¨È§B)ªº¨È·í¤Î®L«½¡C(¡§The Body of Abel Found by Adam and Eve¡¨, 1826, fig. 32) ¡@¡@³Ì«á¡ADW. Lindsayµ¹¤©³o¼Ëªº±Æ¦C¤Î¨Ã¸m¤@Ó«D±`¶êº¡ªº¸ÑÄÀ¡G±N¤Q¤G¹Ï¥ª¥k¨Ã¸m°_¨Ó¬Ý¡A¥ª¤â³o¤@¨t¦Cªº³]p¸àÄÀ¤F¥@¬É(world)±q³Ð³y(creation)¨ì°ò·þ°v¤Q¦r¬[(crucifixion)ªº¾ú¥v¡A¶Ç¹F¤F¤O¶q¡B¥DÅv¡B¤ý°êªº¼v¹³¡C¥k¤âÃ䪺³]p«h¬O¤HÃþ(human)±q¼Z¸¨(the Fall)¨ì°ò·þ´_¬¡(the Resurrection)ªº¾ú¥v¡A¶Ç¹F¤F·P©x¡B±¡ºü¡BÆF·Pªº¼v¹³¡C¤jP¤W¬Ý°_¨Ó¬O¥i¥H³o¼Ë¸ÑÄÀ¡A¤]±N¥¬¹p§J¹Ï¹³¤§¤¤±`¦³ªº¥¿¤Ïµ½´c¨Ã¦sÂX¤j¨ì¹Ï¹³»P¹Ï¹³¤§¶¡¤]¦s¦b¦¹ºØ¿ëÃÒ¡F¦ý¬O¤Q¤G´T¹Ï¬O§_¯à°÷³o¼Ë´N¦êÁp°_¨Ó¤´¦³·¥¤jªº°Q½×ªÅ¶¡¡A¥H¤U²Ä¤T³¡¥÷±N¥Î¸t¸g¤§¤¤¸ÓÁô»P¨È§Bªº¬G¨Æ¡A¹Á¸Õ±N¥¬¹p§J§e²{ªº³Ð§@¹ï·Ó¹L¥h¨ä¥LÃÀ³N®a´¿¸g¸àÄÀ¹Lªº¦P¼ËÃD§÷¡A¦A¦¸´M§ä¥¬¹p§J³Ð§@ªº¤¤¤ß·N¹Ï¡A¦P®É¦^À³¨ì¤Q¤G´T±m¦â¦L¨ê§@«~ªí²{ªº¤º²[¡C ²Ä¤T³¡¤À¡G ¡@¡@¦³¤@¤é¡A¨º¤H©M¥L©d¤l®L«½¦P©Ð¡A®L«½´NÃh¥¥¡A¥Í¤F¸ÓÁô¡]¸ÓÁô´N¬O¡§±o¡¨ªº·N«ä¡^¡A«K»¡¡G¡§C©MµØ¨Ï§Ú±o¤F¤@Ó¨k¤l¡C¡¨ ¤S¥Í¤F¸ÓÁôªº¥S§Ì¨È§B¡C¨È§B¬Oªª¦Ïªº¡A¸ÓÁô¬OºØ¦aªº¡C¦³¤@¤é¡A¸ÓÁô®³¦a¸Ìªº¥X²£¬°¨Ñª«Ämµ¹C©MµØ¡F¨È§B¤]±N¥L¦Ï¸s¤¤ÀY¥Íªº©M¦Ïªº¯×ªoÄm¤W¡CC©MµØ¬Ý¤¤¤F¨È§B©M¥Lªº¨Ñª«¡A¥u¬O¬Ý¤£¤¤¸ÓÁô©M¥Lªº¨Ñª«¡C¸ÓÁô´N¤j¤j¦aµo«ã¡AÅܤFÁy¦â¡CC©MµØ¹ï¸ÓÁô»¡¡G¡§§A¬°¬Æ»òµo«ã©O¡H§A¬°¬Æ»òÅܤFÁy¦â©O¡H§AY¦æ±o¦n¡A°Z¤£»X®®¯Ç¡H§AY¦æ±o¤£¦n¡A¸o´N¥ñ¦bªù«e¡C¥¦¥²Åʼ}§A¡A§A«on¨î¥ñ¥¦¡C¡¨¸ÓÁô»P¥L¥S§Ì¨È§B»¡¸Ü¡A¤G¤H¥¿¦b¥Ð¶¡¡A¸ÓÁô°_¨Ó¥´¥L¥S§Ì¨È§B¡A§â¥L±þ¤F¡CC©MµØ¹ï¸ÓÁô»¡¡G¡§§A¥S§Ì¨È§B¦bþ¸Ì¡H¡¨¥L»¡¡G¡§§Ú¤£ª¾¹D¡I§Ú°Z¬O¬Ý¦u§Ú¥S§Ìªº¶Ü¡H¡¨ C©MµØ»¡¡G¡§§A°µ¤F¬Æ»ò¨Æ©O¡H§A¥S§Ìªº¦å¦³Ánµ±q¦a¸Ì¦V§Ú«s§i¡C¦a¶}¤F¤f¡A±q§A¤â¸Ì±µ¨ü§A¥S§Ìªº¦å¡C²{¦b§A¥²±q³o¦a¨ü©G¶A¡C§AºØ¦a¡A¦a¤£¦Aµ¹§A®Ä¤O¡A§A¥²¬yÂ÷ÄÆ¿º¦b¦a¤W¡C¡¨ ¸ÓÁô¹ïC©MµØ»¡¡G¡§§Úªº¦D»@¤Ó«¡A¹L©ó§Ú©Ò¯à·íªº¡C§A¦p¤µ»°³v§ÚÂ÷¶}³o¦a¡A¥HP¤£¨£§A±¡C§Ú¥²¬yÂ÷ÄÆ¿º¦b¦a¤W¡A¤Z¹J¨£§Úªº¥²±þ§Ú¡C¡¨ C©MµØ¹ï¥L»¡¡G¡§¤Z±þ¸ÓÁôªº¡A¥²¾D³ø¤C¿¡C¡¨C©MµØ´Nµ¹¸ÓÁô¥ß¤@Ó°O¸¹¡A§K±o¤H¹J¨£¥L´N±þ¥L¡C ¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¡@¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¡@¡E³Ð¥@¬ö¥|³¹1-15 ¸`¡E
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(motif)¡C¥]¬AJohn Sadeler
(fig. 43)¡ATitian
(fig. 44)¡ACarlo
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Dietrich(fig.46)¡AJ.H.
Fuseli (fig. 47)¡APierre
Paul Prudhon (fig. 48)¡AA.E.
Chalon (fig. 49)¡AS.
John Stump (fig. 50)¡AJoshua
Cristall (fig. 51)¡AJohn
Samuel Hayward (fig. 52)¡AHenry
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(1) Ãö©ó¨È§Bªº¥¿ª½(righteousness)¡A¤]¹w¥Ü°ò·þªº°¥@»P°v¤Q¦r¬[(prefiguring of Christ¡¦s priesthood and death)¡C (2) ³o¬G¨Æ´yz¼Z¸¨«á¥@¬Éªº²Ä¤@©v¿Ñ±þ®×¡C (3) ³o¥@¬Éªº²Ä¤@°_¦º¤`¨Æ¥ó¡C (4) ²Ä¤@¥ó¥Ç¸o¨Æ¥ó¡A¤Þ°_¸o´c»P¯«¸t¥¿¸q¤§¶¡ªºÅGÃÒ¡C ¡@¡@³o¥|Ó¥DÃD³£¬O±j½Õ¼Z¸¨¤§«á¤HÃþªº¸o¦æ¡B¯«ªº¥¿ª½¡B¹w¥Ü±N¨Óªº±ÏÅ«¡C¥t¤@Ó¤£¦b¸t¸g¤§¤¤¡A¦ý¬O¨ì¤F¥¬¹p§Jªº®É¥N±`³Q¸àÄÀªº¥DÃD¡A¬O¨È·í»P®L«½µo²{¨È§Bªº«ÍÅé¡A¥H¤Î«s±¥³o³Q±þ®`¤§¤lªº³õ´º¡C¦b¨º®É¡AµL¶dªº³Q¿Ñ±þªÌ¥H¤Î¨¸´cªº¥Ç¸o¤´µM¬OÃÀ³N®a¤Î²³¤H¥DnÃö¤ßªºµJÂI¡A¨È§Bªº«ÍÅé¿E°_¤H̤§¼¦¼§¡A¬Û¹ï¸ÓÁôªº¸o¦æ«h¬O¦]¯«¸t°¤U¤§¼««ã¨ä¤¤¡AÅý¤H·P¨ìÅ宣¡C¹D¼w»P±Ð±ø°V»£¬O¦P±¡¨È§B¡A¥¸³d¸ÓÁôªº¡Aµe±¤W§G§½¤]±`±`¬O±N¨È§B¡B¥H¤Î´d¶Ëªº¨È·í®L«½©ñ¦b«e´º¥DÃD¡A¸ÓÁô©ñ¦bI´º¤§¤¤¡C¨Ò¦pJohn Stump¡AJoshua Cristall¡AJohn Samuel Hayward¡AHenry Pierce Bone¡AFranz Floris (fig. 50-54)µ¥¤Hªº§@«~¡A¥i¥H±q¾ÇªÌTannenbaumªº¤å³¹¡¨Blake and the iconography of Cain¡¨«Ü²M·¡ªº¬Ý¥X¡C ¡@¡@¦ý¥¬¹p§Jªº«ÂI»P¤@¯ë°µªk¬O¬Û¤Ïªº¡A«ÂI¤£¦A¬O³QÄ묹ªº¨È§B¡A¥L±NµJÂI¤ÎÆ[ªÌªº¦P²z¤ß±q¨È§B¨¤WÂಾ¦b¸ÓÁô¡A¬Æ¦Ü§Q¥Î¨È·í¹ï¸ÓÁôªº¾®µø¤Þ°_Æ[ªÌ¹ï¸ÓÁô¦³§ó¦hªºª`·N¡C²Ó¬Ý¡§The Body of Abel Found by Adam and Eve¡¨¡A©ÎªÌ¬O»P³o´T¹Ï¬Û¦ü¤º®eªº¡§Lamech and His Two Wives¡¨¡A¦b¦¹³B¡A«¤ß±q¬ÛÀHµÛ¦º¤`ªº¸o¦æ²¾Âà¨ì¤F¸ÓÁô©MLamechªºÅåÀ~¡B¾Ò´o¡B®¬«ëµ¥¤º¤ßªº§é¿i¡A¥¬¹p§J¶W¶V¤F·í¥N¹ï©ó³o¬G¨Æ³æ¯Â¹D¼w¤Wªº¸àÄÀ¡A±N·Q¹³¤Oµo´§¦Ü·¥¡AµÛ«¤HÃþªº±¡·P¼h±¡A±q¤¤´M¨Dµ½»P´c¡B¥¿»P¨¸¤§¶¡¿ëÃÒ¤£¥ðªº©M¸Ñ¡C¸ÓÁôªºÅ宣»P¥Lªº¤l®]Lamech ªºÅ宣¬O¤@¼Ëªº³Q©ñ¸m¦bµe±ªº«¤ß¡A¨È·í©M®L«½ªº´d¶Ë»PLamech¤G©d¬Û©IÀ³¡A®L«½¤U««Àô¶ªºÂùÁu«h»PPity¤@¹Ïªï±µ·s¥Í©R¤§«º¶ÕÃþ¦ü¡A¦º¤`ªº«ÍÅé³£³Q©ñ¸m¦b¤£Åã²´ªº¥k¤U¤è¡A©ú«Gªº«e´º»P«á¤è·t¦â½Õªº¤s¯ßÅã²{¥XÀ¸¼@©Êªº±i¤O¡A¶Ç²Î¤¤¶H¼x¸t¾Â¤W¸t²½ªº¤õ¿V¦b¦¹ÂàÅܦ¨¸ÓÁô¨«áªº¯«¸t¼««ã¡A¬Û¹ïªº¸ÓÁô¤]´N¦¨¤F³Q²½ªÁªº¯Ì¦Ï¡A¿Ñ±þªÌ¤Ï¦ÓÅܦ¨¯«ªº¼««ã¤§¤UªºÄ묹ªÌ¡C³o¼ËªºÂàÅܱN±µÄò¯«ªº¼¦¼§¤Î±ÏÅ«¡A§¹¾ãªº©Ó±µ³Ð³y¡B¼Z¸¨¡B¼Z¸¨¤§«áªº¸o¦æ¡B®¬§ï¡B¯«ªº¼¦¼§¤ÎÀ³³\ªº±ÏÅ«¡A³£¥i¥H¦b¥¬¹p§Jªº³Ð§@¤¤§ä¨ì»¡©ú¤F¤@¤è±¯«ªº¥¿ª½¼f§P¦P®É¥]§t¤F¹ï©ó¼Z¸¨¥Ç¸oªº¼¦¼§»P·O´d¡C¹w¥Ü±ÏÅ«ªºÀ³³\¦b¸t¸g¤¤¬O¯«µ¹¤©¸ÓÁô¤@Ó§K©ó³Q±þªº¦L°O¡ALamech¤]¦³¦P¼ËªºÀ³³\[17]¡F¦ÓÃö©ó¦L°Oªº¹Ï¹³¥i±q1826¦~³Ð¥@¬öªº¹]µ§¤â½Z¤¤¬Ý¥X¡A¸ÓÁô±q¨È§Bªº«ÍÅé®Ç°kÂ÷¡A±µ¤U¨Ó´N¬O¯«¦b¸ÓÁô«eÃB¯d¤U¦L°O¡A¶H¼x¹ï©ó¼e®¤¸o¦æ¦P®É¤]µ¹¤©¬ß±æªº±ÏÅ«[18]¡A´N¦p¦PLamechªº¬G¨Æ±µÄò¤FNaomi¦^¨ìÀ³³\¤§¦a¤@¼Ë¡A«ÂI³£¤£¬O¯«ªº¼««ã»P¼f§P¡A¦Ó¬O±j½Õ±q¤HÃþ±¡·PªºÅåÄß·í¤¤©µ¦ù¥X¼¦¼§»P¦A¥Í¡F¦¹ºØ¦b¤@ӹϹ³¦P®É¥]§t¤F¨¸´cªº¿Ñ±þ¡B³QÄ묹ªÌªº¦P±¡¡AÁÙ¦³¹ï©ó¥¿¸q¤§Å宣¡B±¡·P¤Wªº½ÄÀ»¡A¤S¤ÏŨ¥X¯«·O´d¦Ó¼¦¼§ªº±ÏÅ«¡A¤@ª½³£¬O¥¬¹p§J»P·í®É¨ä¥LÃÀ³N®a¬Û·í¤£¦Pªº¸àÄÀ¡C ¡@¡@³oºØ°ÊºA¹Ï¹³ªº§e²{¦bMitchellªº¤å³¹¡§The Blake¡¦s pictorial style¡¨¥ç«ü¥X¡A±q³Ì¤pªº³Ð§@¤¸¯À¤@ª½¨ì¨ì¾ã´Tµe¬Æ¦Üµe»Pµe¡Bµe»P¸Ö¤å¤§¶¡³£Âæ³¥¿¤Ï¤£©w¡B¬y°Ê´å²¾ªº¯S¦³·®æ¡G½u±ø»P¦â±mªº¹ï¥ß©Î¹B¥Î¡B¥ú»P¼v¡B¤G«×ªÅ¶¡©Î¥ßÅ骺ªí²{¡B®É¶¡»PªÅ¶¡¡B¤HÅéµÛ¦ç©Î»rÅS¡BÂX±i©Î¦¬ÁYªºµ¥µ¥¡AÁÙ¦³¸Ö¤åªº³¡¥÷¤]Åý¹Ï¹³¾Ö¦³°ÊºA±Ôzªº¯S©Ê¡A¤@ºØ»y¨¥¯ëªº®É¶¡©Ê¶i¤J¤Fµe±¤§¤¤¡A¸Ö«h¦]µÛ¹Ï¹³¦Ó³Q©TµÛ¤U¨Ó¡C¦^À³¨ì¦b²Ä¤G³¡¥÷¹ï©ó¼»¥¹§Î¶Hªº´y¼g¡A³Ð³y»P¼Z¸¨¡Bµ½»P´c¡B¥¿»P¨¸¡B±þ¤HªÌ»P³QÄ묹ªÌ¡B¥¿¸q»P¼¦¼§µ¥µ¥³£¬O¥²µMn¦P®É¦s¦bªº¤@Åé¨â±¡F©Î¬O¦b1795¦~ªº¤Q¤G´T¤j«¬±m¹Ï¤¤¡Aµe»Pµe¤§¶¡©¼¦¹©IÀ³¹ï·Ó¡A¤]³£Åã¥Ü¬Û¨Ì¦s¤£¥i¤Àªº·N©À¡A¦b¥¬¹p§JÅGÃÒ¤£¥ðªº³Ð§@¹Lµ{¤¤¤£Â_¥X²{¡A¤]©Î³\¬OÃÀ³N®a´M¨D¤ßÆF¦w·²¤§³B¥²¸gªº¸ô³~¡C³o¼Ë³]p¤º²[©Ò´M¨Dªº²×·¥·N¸q©Î³\¥i¥H¦b1822¦~¡§The Ghost of Abel¡¨ªº¹Ïª©[19] (fig. 55.56)
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